Response to Kramer

Structural Stefan Kramer

In many real-world domains the task of machine learning algorithms is to learn a theory for predicting numerical values. In particular several standard test domains used in Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) are concerned with predicting numerical values from examples and relational and mostly non-determinate background knowledge. However, so far no ILP algorithm except one can predict numbers a...

Kramer et al. respond to "Composite outcomes and paradoxes".

We thank Hernán et al. (1) for their thoughtful comments about the causal relationships among exposure, birth, and perinatal death; how selection bias can distort those relationships; and the role of composite outcomes. In our article (2), we do not claim composite outcomes to be a solution (“escape”) from the selection bias caused by conditioning on birth when analyzing the effect of pregnancy...

On Kramer-Mesner matrix partitioning conjecture

In 1977, Ganter and Teirlinck proved that any 2t× 2t matrix with 2t nonzero elements can be partitioned into four submatrices of order t of which at most two contain nonzero elements. In 1978, Kramer and Mesner conjectured that any mt× nt matrix with kt nonzero elements can be partitioned into mn submatrices of order t of which at most k contain nonzero elements. In 1995, Brualdi et al. showed ...

Kramer , Not Your Mouthpiece : Abortion , Ideology , and

A new species of Tozzita Kramer (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Neocoelidiinae) and first record of Tozzita ips Kramer from Brazil.

A new species of Tozzita Kramer, 1964, Tozzita bifida sp. nov., is described and illustrated. The new species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following characteristics: (1) forewing with commissural brown band; (2) pygofer with dentiform process on ventral margin and apex not spatulate; (3) subgenital plates with macroseta at apex; (4) style with preapical lobe d...